The responsability of world bank in the promotion of international human rights law
Abstract
This paper will focus on the role of the World Bank as a subject of international law regarding its possible obligations under human rights law. Firstly, it will be analyzed the fundamental relationship between the right to development and the other human rights, in order to support the thesis of their indivisibility, along with the analyzes of the intrinsic connection between the bank’s role and the international human rights law protection. Secondly, the bank’s performance and historical resistance will be investigated concerning the implementation and recognition of the importance of human rights for their policies. Thirdly, it will examine whether it can be considered that the Bank carries inherent obligations under international law. Finally, obstacles to the implementation of human rights within the institution's policies will be identified, as well as possible solutions to overcome them.
References
ALSTON, Philip. Report to the General Assembly of the Special Rapporteur on Extreme Poverty and Human Rights. UN doc. A/70/274, 2015.
BERNER, Vanessa de Oliveira Batista; LOPES, Raphaela de Araújo Lima Lopes. DIREITOS HUMANOS: O EMBATE ENTRE TEORIA TRADICIONAL E TEORIA CRÍTICA. In: CONPEDI/UFPB. (Org.). Filosofia do direito III. 1ed. Florianópolis: CONPEDI, 2014, v. III, p. 128-144
CONTIPELLI, Ernani; SILVEIRA, Vladmir Oliveira da. Direitos econômicos na perspectiva da solidariedade: desenvolvimento integral. Salvador: Anais CONPEDI, 2008.
DAÑINO, Roberto. “Legal Opinion on Human Rights and the Work of The World Bank”. Washington DC: World Bank, 2006.
Declaração sobre o Direito ao Desenvolvimento. 1986. Disponível em: https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/righttodevelopment.aspx. Acessado em: 28/07/2019.
GAETA, Anthony; VASILARA, Marina. Development and Human Rights: the Role of the World Bank. Washington DC: World Bank, 1998.
EIDE, Asbjorn; KRAUSE, Catarina; ROSAS, Allan. Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. M. Nijhoff Publishers, 1995.
FUJITA, Sanae. “The Challenges of Mainstreaming Human Rights in the World Bank”. The International Journal of Human Rights 15, no. 3, 2011.
Human Development Report 2000: Human Rights and Development. UNDP, 2000.
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Articles of Agreement. Entrada em vigor em 27 de dezembro de 1945.
KIM, Young Jim. Letter from 28 sp¬¬ecial procedures mandate holders to the President of the World Bank. Washington DC: World Bank, 2014.
LEROY, Anne Marie; DIOP, Makhtar. Carta de Anne-Marie Leroy e Makhtar Diop ao Relator Especial sobre o direito à alimentação e ao Perito Independente sobre os efeitos da dívida externa e outras obrigações financeiras internacionais no pleno gozo de todos os direitos humanos, particularmente dos econômicos, sociais e culturais. 9 de outubro 2012. Disponível em: http://spdb.ohchr.org/hrdb/22nd/. Acessado em: 28 de outubro de 2018.
LEROY, Anne Marie. Legal note on Bank involvement in the criminal justice sector. Washington DC: World Bank, 2012.
MERCEDES, Botto; TUSSIE, Diana. Los Derechos Humanos em la Agenda de los Organismos Económicos Internacionales. FLACSO/PIEI. Programa de Estudios sobre Instituciones Económicas Internacionales, 2003.
MORIS, Halim. The World Bank and human rights: indispensable partnership or mismatched alliance? ILSA Journal of Int’l & Comparative Law. Vol. 4:173, 1997.
PALACIO, Ana. “The Way Forward: Human Rights and the World Bank” Development Outreach. Washington DC: World Bank, 2006.
PIOVESAN, Flávia. Direitos Sociais Econômicos e Culturais e Direitos Civis e Políticos. São Paulo: Revista Internacional de Direitos Humanos, 2004.
SARFATY, Galit A. WHY CULTURE MATTERS IN INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS: THE MARGINALITY OFHUMANRIGHTS AT THE WORLD BANK. The American Journal of International Law – vol. 103:647, 2015.
SEN, Amartya. Desenvolvimento como liberdade. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2010.
SHINATA, Ibrahim. Opinião Legal do Conselheiro Geral do Grupo Banco Mundial, 11 de julho de 1995. The World Bank Legal Papers. Haia: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2000.
SIKKINK, Kathryn. Human Rights, Principled Issue-Networks, and Sovereignty in Latin America. Massachusetts: IO Foundation/Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993.
TRANSFORMING OUR WORLD: THE 2030 AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. A/RES/70/1. United Nations. Disponível em: https://sdgs.un.org/2030agenda.
The World Bank: History. Disponível em: http://www.worldbank.org/en/about/history. Acessado em: 14/04/2019.
WAHI, Namita. Human Rights Accountability of the IMF and the World Bank: A Critique of Existing Mechanisms and Articulation of a Theory of Horizontal Accountability. 12 U. C. Davis J. Int’l L. & Pol’y 331, 2006.
Copyright (c) 2020 Cadernos Eletrônicos Direito Internacional sem Fronteiras.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.